Valve Type

• Ball Valve
• Needle Valve
• Gauge Valve
• Stainless Steel Ball Valve
• 
  
• Manifold Valve
• Double Block and Bleed Valve
• Check Valve
• Process Gauge
• Pressure Gauge
• High Pressure Gauge
• Low Pressure Gauge
• Fisher Rosemount
• Fisher Control Valves
• Rosemount Transmitter
• Pressure Regulators
• Air Pressure Regulators
• Volume Boosters
• Pressure gauge actuators
• Oliver Valves
• Dwyer Instruments
• Dwyer Magnehelic Pressure Gauge
• McDaniel Pressure Gauge
• Apollo ball valves, ball check valve, watts ball valve, Apollo ball valve, pvc ball valves, ball stop & waste valves, ¼ ball valves, watts ball valves, wkm ball valves, celcon ball valve, high pressure ball valve, keystone butterfly valve, high performance butterfly valves, high pressure butterfly valves, high pressure valve, high pressure solenoid valves, high pressure relief valves, high pressure pnumatic valves, high pressure gas valves, check valves, silent check valve, automotive check valve, Mueller check valve, electric valve actuators, electro-hydraulic valve actuators, needle valves

Pneumatic Valve

• 2 Ways , 3 Ways , 5 Ways Direct Acting or Internal Pilot Solenoid Valves
• Explosion or Non- Explosion Proof Protection & Body Material
• From Brass, Bronze , Stainless Steel , Light Alloy & Others.
• Connection Sizes Ranges from 1/8 inches - 1 inches NPT or inches gas.
• Thermostatic Valves - Self Actuating , Internal Sensing Design
• Pneumatically or Electrically operated 3 way temperature control valves
• Temperature sensing valves
• Bearing temperature sensing valves
• High temperature sensing valves
• Exhaust temperature sensing valves
• Differential pressure sensors
• Pressure Sensing Valves Air intake shut off valves
• Engine over speed sensors
• Pressure / temperature switches
• Pneumatic control valves, Indicators & Accessories
• Electronic Controls & Systems
• Instrumentation & control panels
• Gas Valves
• Pressure Switches
• Sensors
• Pressure Gauges
• Transducers, Transmitters, & Indicators
• Pressure Switches
• Diaphragm Seals
• Bimetal Thermometers & Thermowells
• Manifold Valves
• Needle Valves
• Solenoid Valves
• Sanitary Pressure Measurement
• Custom Force Measurement
• BALL VALVES AND NEEDLE VALVES
• HYDRAULIC INTERFACE VALVES
• THREE(3) POSITION--BLOCK CENTER VALVES
• BUTTON OPERATED VALVES
• PALM BUTTON VALVES
• PILOT OPERATED VALVES
• MANUAL SHUTOFF VALVES
• MAIN SUPPLY RESET AIR LATCH PILOT VALVES
• MAIN SUPPLY RESET VALVES WITH REMOTE PILOT
• SOLENOID OPERATED VALVES
• Regulator
• Volume Boosters
• Transducers
• Air Cylinders
• Manual Ball Valve
• Electric Actuators
• Pneumatic Actuators

Valve Overhaul or Valve Job

A Doctor Valve valve overhaul (aka "valve job") is a procedure that restores the fit of the valves to "like new," or often "better than new" condition.

It begins with a play test of the horn (when playable) so that I have a baseline for that particular horn. During this process, I make notes about any playing anomalies and well as the overall characteristics of the sound and blowing feel.

Next, the horn is disassembled, measured. and visually inspected. Some instruments will require a chem-clean, which will be done at this point. The casings are lightly honed to check for any serious washouts or other problems. The valves and casing are then precisely measured to determine the necessary amount of plating build-up.

Next, the valves are trued and sized on the hone in preparation for plating. The valve ports are then precisely shielded, so that the windways in the valves retain their exact original size.

After another cleaning, the valves are carefully packed, and sent to Anderson's. There they are built up with hard nickel plating.

Upon return from the platers, the valves are honed to a size slightly above the casing dimension, then the casings are carefully honed to the point where the valves have the exact proper fit.

Each valve is then expertly hand lapped into its respective casing. The finished piston surface to casing wall fit yields a tolerance of approximately .0005" (half a thousandth of an inch.)

The horn and parts are then ultrasonically cleaned, and the instrument is reassembled with new valve pads and felts, valve springs, and waterkey corks.

It is then tested to assure proper playing function and playing characteristics. Any final tweaks are made and the instrument is then given a complete polish job using 3M Tarni-shield polish. The finished horn is now ready for return shipping or customer pick-up.

A special note about NY Bachs and instruments of "extreme age" or with severely damaged valves: In some of these cases, it is necessary to do a two-step valve build-up process. This entails more work, and two trips to the platers. I only do this when the required build-up is too great to do in a single nickel plating step. NY Bach valves were chrome plated at the factory, and in order to achieve good results, this chrome has to be completely removed from the outer valve surfaces prior to the build-up. On some NY horns, I have been able to do the valves with a one-step plating build-up (the usual method). On the other hand, some of these instruments do require a two-step plating process, because once the chrome is removed, the valves require a bigger build than is advisable in just nickel. In these cases, the valves get a first round build in copper, are re-honed and trued, re-shielded, and then sent to Anderson's a second time for the final nickel plating.

Optimum Port Matching Valve Alignment

An Optimum Port Matching Valve Alignment is a procedure that optimizes the valve port and casing port match-up, which improves the evenness of response of the instrument.

My basic approach to this is to NOT modify the existing metal parts. Most of the time, this is possible; sometimes it is not.

First, the trumpet is playtested, and the existing alignment is inspected. Following this inspection, custom pads are cut, installed, and adjusted with shims to optimize the alignments of the ports in the valves with the ports in the casing. I use a variety of composition (non-felt) pads which are NOT weather sensitive and maintain correct alignment for a very long time.

On many instruments, because of the way the casings and valves were drilled during manufacture, perfect alignment of all the holes is not possible. In these cases, the optimum port alignment is chosen based on my understanding of the instrument as a trumpet player and my knowledge of the physics of air flow through the instrument.

If requested, your previous pads can be bagged and tagged with specific locations indicated so that you could easily reverse the procedure, and return to your original setup.

Instrument Overhaul

The instrument overhaul service is an extensive rebuilding and refinishing service for your instrument. It begins with a play test of the horn (when playable) so that I have a baseline for that particular horn. During this I make notes about any playing anomalies and well as the overall characteristics of the sound and blowing feel.

I then disassemble the instrument and give it an initial ultrasonic cleaning. All parts are carefully inspected for cracks, rot, and other problems that might require part replacement or patching. Depending on the findings of my inspection, I often confer with the client at this point, to determine exactly what path they wish to follow.

Sometimes it is decided that the original pieces be retained and perhaps patched over, rather than risk altering the playing characteristics with replacement parts. This is because even "identical" parts can vary slightly and can sometimes play and feel slightly different. Alternately, it may be decided to replace parts so that the instrument will look as close to new as possible when completed. If this is the case, any new parts are measured and tweaked as necessary to match up as closely as possible to the parts being replaced. This is very important because minor differences can make big playing differences, especially if you have played a horn for thirty years or so, and know the horn's characteristics totally.

If the instrument was lacquered, the lacquer (or what is left of it) will be removed. Many older instruments were finished with the old nitrocellulose lacquer; most modern instruments have a baked-on epoxy lacquer. A short discussion with my take on lacquer and lacquered instruments can be found here.

The next step is removal of the bell and leadpipe from the body of the instrument. All old solder is removed from the parts and horn body. All pieces are chemically cleaned to remove the lime scale and other crud from the inside surfaces.

If the valves are also being overhauled, the valves are prepped and sent for plating at this time. The bell and leadpipe are straightened, minor dents are removed (major dent removal is extra), and surface pitting is carefully removed, as much as safely possible. Some pitting may remain if I feel that removing all of it would make areas of the horn overly thin.

If the horn is getting any new tubes, they are now made and mounted. The body, bell and leadpipe are buffed as separate pieces ensuring total and even clean-up of the surfaces.

Now the pieces of the horn are ready for reassembly. The braces are carefully adjusted to reduce tension to a minimum. This can yield significant gains in the way an instrument plays particularly in the evenness of response throughout the entire range of the instrument.

The parts are then expertly resoldered together, and the horn and parts finished buffed. Everything then gets ultrasonically cleaned to remove all buffing residue. The parts (valve slides and valve caps) are then put back on the horn and the instrument is shipped to Anderson's for plating.

When the instrument returns from plating, the valve overhaul is completed, or the valves are expertly hand lapped in the casing to smooth the plating that deposits onto the inside casing surface. The horn and parts are then ultrasonically cleaned again and the horn reassembled with new pads, felts, valve springs, and waterkey springs and corks.

It is then tested to assure proper playing function and playing characteristics of the "new" horn are compared to the notes made prior to the overhaul. Any final tweaks are made and the instrument is then given a complete polish job using 3M Tarni-shield polish. The finished horn is now ready for return shipping or customer pick-up.

My standard trumpet overhaul charge is $635, and covers the work required on instruments in average condition, refinished in silver plate or lacquer. A trumpet overhaul with gold plating is available, and costs $1045.00.

Additional work, such as major dent removal, severe pitting removal, patching, or making replacement parts, is billed at my shop rate of $75/hr.

Instrument Replate

The instrument replating service is sometimes an option for refinishing your instrument. It is much less involved than an overhaul and is most often used on instruments that are in very good to excellent condition.

It begins with a play test so that I have a baseline for that particular horn. The horn is then disassembled and ultrasonically cleaned.

If the instrument was lacquered, the lacquer (or what is left of it) will then be removed. Many older instruments were finished with the old nitrocellulose lacquer; most modern instruments have a baked-on epoxy lacquer. A short discussion with my take on lacquer and lacquered instruments can be found here.

If the valves are being overhauled, then the valves are prepped and sent for plating at this time. After disassembly, (and chem-cleaning, if necessary) minor surface problems are addressed and the body of the horn and the parts are carefully buffed. Everything then gets ultrasonically cleaned again to remove all buffing residue.

The slides and valve caps are then put back on the horn and the instrument is shipped to Anderson's for plating. When the instrument returns from plating, the valve overhaul is completed or the valves are expertly hand lapped in the casing to smooth the plating that deposits onto the inside casing surface.

The horn and parts are then ultrasonically cleaned again, and the horn is reassembled with new pads, felts, and corks. It is then tested to assure proper playing function.

Finally, it is then given a complete polish job using 3M Tarni-shield polish. The instrument is then ready for return shipping or customer pick-up.

Here are some examples of where the re-plate service is an appropriate choice.

• A new or nearly new silver plated horn that the owner wants gold plated.
• A straight, undamaged instrument, perhaps with a few minor dents or other small surface imperfections where the plating is beginning to wear through but the surface has not pitted extensively.
• A new or like new lacquered instrument that the owner wants silver or gold plated (lacquer removal is not included and can be performed for a reasonable extra charge.)
• Another circumstance where this service could be used is on a fragile thin instrument that is in good shape, or had any problems addressed separately, that would benefit from having a bit more metal put on for durability and for increased mass.

There are many reasons why this might not be the best choice for some instruments, so I must personally inspect the instrument before deciding that this would be an appropriate refinishing option.

CONTROL VALVE PRESSURE DROP

CONTROL VALVE PRESSURE DROP In most instances, the only variable when calculating the Cv required of the valve is the pressure drop (DP) across the valve. The pressure drop across a valve is always measured with the valve fully open. In HVAC applications the heat exchange coil has typically been selected (or already exists) before the valve is chosen, therefore the GPM and pressure drop of the coil should be known. For optimal control, the pressure drop across the control valve should be equal to, or slightly greater than, the pressure drop of the coil and its fittings. This will ensure that the valve will control the flow through the coil through its entire range of travel. When controlling flow for a non-coil application, the same principle applies as indicated above for coil applications. Whatever the valve is directly controlling should be viewed as a system with a specific opening at the valve. The pressure upstream and downstream of the system determine the amount of flow through the system. Therefore, the ideal pressure drop across the control valve should be equal to, or greater than, the pressure drop of the system that is being controlled. WATER APPLICATIONS Two-Position Control –Ball, globe or butterfly valves can be used for this application. –The pressure drop across the valve should be low (usually less than 2 PSI) in its open position. –Valves for this purpose are typically selected at line size to minimize installation cost and pressure drop. In some applications, ball and butterfly valves can be used one size smaller than line size without dropping enough pressure to affect system performance. Modulating Control –The pressure drop across a two-way valve should be equal to, or slightly greater than, the pressure drop of the coil and its fittings. On a three-way valve, the pressure drop is based on the drop between the common port of the valve and the port which you are trying to control (with the port fully open). A typical coil pressure drop for HVAC applications is usually 3 PSI or less. This is the reason why a 3-5 PSI pressure drop across the valve has been used as a rule of thumb STEAM APPLICATIONS Steam applications can be divided into two categories depending on the steam pressure present: inlet steam pressures that are less than or equal to 15 PSIG, and those that are greater than 15 PSIG. The standard pressure drop used in the Cv equation for saturated steam is 80% of the inlet gauge pressure for steam less than or equal to 15 PSIG, and 42% of the inlet absolute pressure for steam greater than 15 PSIG. A valve used for modulating control will typically be at least one size smaller than the line size and may be two or more sizes smaller. Low Pressure Steam (less than or equal to 15 PSIG): –Two-Position Control: The valve is usually selected as line size. –Modulating Control: The pressure drop across the valve for proper modulation is typically 80% of the inlet gauge pressure. Use the steam equation below to determine the Cv. Example : A system with a 10 PSIG inlet pressure should have a valve sized with an 8 PSI drop. 10 PSIG x .8 = 8 PSI High Pressure Steam (greater than 15 PSIG): –Two-Position Control: The valve is usually selected to be line size. –Modulating Control: The pressure drop across the valve for proper modulation is typically 42% of the inlet absolute pressure (absolute pressure is gauge pressure plus local atmospheric pressure, 14.7 PSIA at sea level). Example : A system with a 20 PSIG inlet pressure should have a valve sized with a 14.6 PSI drop. (20 PSIG +14.7) x.42 =14.6 PSI VALVE SIZING The next step in sizing any valve is to calculate the Cv requirement using the information gathered from the outline on Table A. The Cv can be determined using several methods, but the most accurate method is to use the formulas listed below. The Cv calculated should always determine the valve size selected. Remember that different valve types of the same size (globe, ball or butterfly) will have different Cv ratings. After calculating the Cv with the equation listed below, if the valve size that you initially select is smaller than line size, refer to Tables B to H to determine the valve Cv adjusted for line size.

Water Valves Cv=Q/√(DP) Where: Cv =the valve sizing coefficient Q =flow in gallons per minute (GPM) DP =pressure drop across the valve (PSI) Liquids other than Water Cv=Qx √(Sg/DP) Where: Cv =the valve sizing coefficient Q =flow in gallons per minute (GPM) Sg =specific gravity of the liquid DP =pressure drop across the valve (PSI) Steam (Saturated) Cv=Q/(3x √(DPxP2 ) Where: Cv =the valve sizing coefficient Q =Steam flow in pounds per hour (Lbs/Hr) DP =pressure drop across the valve (PSI) =.80 (PSIG)of the valve inlet gauge pressure for steam <=15 PSIG =.42 (PSIA)of the valve inlet absolute pressure for steam >15 PSIG PSIG =Steam gauge pressure (PSIG) PSIA =Steam absolute pressure (PSIA), equal to PSIG +14.7 (at sea level) P 2 =Steam outlet absolute pressure (PSIA)=(Steam inlet gauge pressure +14.7) - DP Note: It is extremely important to use PSIG for steam inlet 15 PSIG and under and PSIA for steam inlet greater than 15 PSIG.

VALVE SELECTION

VALVE SELECTION
Once the pressure drop and subsequent Cv requirement is established, the most appropriate and cost effective valve for the application can be determined. Factors that influence the decision are:
–Fluid type (i.e. water, steam, chemicals, etc.)
–Fluid pressure and temperature
–Temperature fluctuation of the fluid (Example: Will the valve control fluid at 180 °F
then 40 °F?)
–Close-off requirements (the torque required at a specific differential pressure to
close the valve)
–Requirements for tight shut-off (allowable leakage rate; no leakage at specified
differential or an acceptable %)
–Ambient conditions (i.e. temperature, humidity, special conditions, indoor or
outdoor applications, etc.)
Valve selection can be divided into the five common HVAC applications:
1)Two-position control of hot or chilled water
2)Two-position control of steam
3)Modulating control of hot or chilled water
4)Modulating control of steam.
5)Two-position or modulating control of water or steam with the valve subjected
to a wide variation of temperature (Example:180°F hot water then 45°F
chilled water)
These five applications will be examined separately and the most cost effective valve solution that provides proper control will be noted.

1) Two-Position Control: Isolation of Hot or Chilled Water
For valve sizes 1/2"to 2", the ball valve is a very cost effective choice. Ball valves provide tight close-off for the rated differential, and in this size range have female NPT threads which make installation easy. The trim materials are stainless steel ball and stem for extended valve life. The ball valve can produce cost savings as high as 50% over a comparable globe valve alternative. For three-way operation, ball valves should only be applied in diverting service to maintain their inherent equal percentage type flow characteristics and extend seal life. For valve sizes 2-1/2"and up, the butterfly valve is the most cost effective solution. Beginning at 2-1/2", material costs and increased actuator torque requirements increase ball valve pricing beyond that of the butterfly valve. Butterfly valves offer excellent temperature isolation between the fluid and actuator, as well as tight shut-off on resilient seated models, when applied for the correct differential pressure. Butterfly valves also provide flexibility, with options for choosing the material for the body, seat and disc to extend the temperature and application range of the product.

2) Two-Position Control: Isolation of Low Pressure Steam (less than or equal to 15 PSIG)
On valves 1/2"to 6",the globe valve is the most common type, although a special ball valve assembly designed for steam has better close-off, less pressure drop, and a much higher flow rate than a globe valve of the same size. On 1/2" to 3" applications, ball valves are more cost effective than globe valves, with a much higher body pressure rating. Both the globe valve and our specially designed ball valve offer good temperature isolation between the valve and its actuator. Clark offers a complete line of globe and ball valve assemblies, with options for spring return and non-spring return actuators. On sizes 2-1/2"and up, butterfly valves should also be examined for cost effectiveness. Standard aluminum bronze valves are used for saturated steam applications <10>10 PSIG, but <30>

3) Modulating Control: Hot Water or Chilled Water Two-Way & Three-Way Applications
For valve sizes 1/2"to 3"(Two-Way)and 1/2" to 2" (Three-Way), a ball valve is a very cost effective alternate choice for the standard globe valve, providing very accurate flow control when properly sized for the application. It also offers superior close-off to a globe valve and has an equal percentage flow curve that complements the flow curve of the coil. With a higher flow rate than a globe valve of the same NPT size, a ball valve sized for the same application will usually be smaller. For those people who prefer globe valves, Clark has a wide selection of globe valves to meet most applications.

For three-way diverting applications, the ball valve is an excellent choice. In a new construction or rework situation, a three-way ball valve placed upstream of the coil that diverts flow through the coil or bypasses the coil is a very cost effective alternative to a mixing globe valve placed on the downstream side of the coil. The ball valve will achieve the same results, offering very accurate control at a cost effective price. It also has the advantage of a packing nut that is adjustable for long term wear.

Special Note on Three-Way Ball Valves Piped for Mixing Applications:
When a three-way ball valve is piped as a mixing valve instead of a diverting valve (which it was designed to be) the flow is in the opposite direction of the valve's intended design. When piped this way, the valve will not respond with an equal percentage type curve. The flow curve is highly dependent on the pressure difference of the two flow streams being mixed. Also, the seats on either side of the ball were designed for a diverting flow pattern. If this flow direction is reversed, the seats will wear prematurely. When piped as a mixing valve, the valve may or may not provide good flow control.

Three-way mixing applications are one of the most common reasons for choosing a globe valve.

For valve sizes 2-1/2"and above, the butterfly valve is a good choice if the conditions are correct. For modulating control, the butterfly valve’s Cv at a 70° angle of opening should be used to size the valve properly. Butterfly valves can control flow most effectively when operating between a 20° to 70° angle of opening. As a general rule, therefore, a butterfly valve can be used to replace a globe valve whenever the minimum required Cv for the application exceeds the published flow rate of the butterfly valve with the disc at 20° open. If the minimum Cv required is less than the flow rate published for a 20° open position, a smaller ball or globe valve would have to be used in conjunction with the butterfly valve in order to provide good modulation throughout the complete flow range required of the coil. Example: Many large air handling units have minimum heating and cooling loads that exceed the flow rate of a properly sized butterfly valve at a 20° disc open position. In this application, a butterfly valve could be used effectively to control flow.

Special Note on Ball Valves:
Clark strongly recommends the use of a stainless ball and stem for all modulating ball valves. A chromium plated bronze ball will not withstand the continuous cycling encountered in a modulating service. The chromium plate will flake away in a short period of time, creating a leakage path and will score the seal material. The stainless steel ball has no plating to flake off and, therefore, the initial microscopic layer of Teflon that creeps into the surface pores of the ball remains there as a lubrication layer. Also, the slot on the top of a chrome plated ball (where the stem engages the ball) tends to widen with extensive modulation, allowing play when changing direction of travel (i.e. the actuator will rotate and the ball will not). The stainless ball and stem is much harder and does not widen.

4) Modulating Control: Low Pressure Steam (less than or equal to 15 PSI)
Globe valve sizes 1/2"to 6", or high temperature ball valve sizes 1/2"to 3", can effectively modulate flow. Factors that affect this decision include: the cost effectiveness of each valve assembly, Cv requirements, size constraints, close-off requirements and the temperature of the application. Clark’s high temperature ball valve series with a standard port design should be applied only to low pressure steam applications when modulating the valve. At pressures above 15 PSIG, the ball valve is subject to a wear phenomenon known as wire draw, which erodes the lip of the opening of the ball and ultimately creates excessive valve leakage. For valve sizes 2-1/2"and above, butterfly valves should be considered. If the butterfly valve is being used for modulating control, the same issues apply as those discussed for modulating control of hot or chilled water. For modulating control, the valve should be used between 20° and 70° (disc position). Remember, however, that the standard aluminum bronze disc is recommended only to a temperature of 239°F (10 PSIG saturated steam). The EPDM seat, if used above the recommended temperature limit, will remold itself (permanently warp) and create a leakage path and possibly bind the valve.

5) Two-Position or Modulating Control of High Pressure Steam
Proper valve selection for high pressure steam is dependent upon the individual application. Our technical staff will gladly assist you in selecting the most appropriate and cost-effective valve solution for your application.

Globe Valve Linkages
The globe valve linkage converts the actuator's rotary motion to linear motion, which is necessary for a globe valve. The linkages are available in three types:
1) Zone up to 90 in-lb (depending on actuator's physical dimensions)
2) Low torque up to 200 in-lb
3) Medium torque up to 800 in-lb
The metallic linkage provides outstanding flexibility for custom applications and can be fitted with extra long legs for increased temperature isolation. The collar of the linkage can be custom machined, if necessary, to meet a wide variety of applications.

Clark High/Low Temperature Ball Valve Assemblies
Also in the 1/2"to 3"size, specially designed high/low temperature ball valves are a great alternative. A high/low temperature ball valve assembly includes upgraded trim materials with a stainless steel ball and stem, upgraded seat material, and a high stand-off stem adapter with extra-high brackets to further thermally isolate the actuator in high or low temperature applications.

Butterfly Valve

Fisher provides butterfly valve solutions for unique applications. Contact your local sales office for more details.

Typical Capabilities

ANSI Class 600 and above with splined shaft Cryogenic / extension valves (3" to 54" up to Class 900). Erosive / Corrosive service valves (e.g.: slurry service). Fire sentry actuator special designs Geothermal application valves. High Pressure ANSI Class 150/150 up to 2500. High pressure (Class 600, 900, 1500) class 5 metal seal designs. Inlayed T-slots Large size butterfly valves to 96" Noise attenuation Nuclear Service

Restricted or derated trim valves (e.g.: Class 2500 with Class 300 trim, 24" valve with 20" trim ...) Ring type joints Special alloys Spray on coatings Special face to face Special flanges (API, DIN, AWWA, butt weld end) Special mounting of non-Fisher actuators on Fisher valves Steam/heat traced body and disc Swing through valves (A11/A41/8560/8532) Tandem linkage designs.

CONTROLVALVE Specific Examples

Specific Examples

ANSI Class 150/150 - 2500 10" class 1500, model A11 w/ piston actuator	Corrosive Service 6" Slurry valve. For applications seeing heavy erosion, scale formation and plugging.	Cryogenic Valves 3" class 150 model A31C cryogenic valve with special bootseal. For oxygen service, 200° F @ 100 psi.
Tandem Linkage Model A31A with Fisher diaphragm actuator. Media: Steam, 730°F @ 1115 psi.	Special Tandem Linkage	Large Butterfly Valves 72" model A11 with gear actuator
Restricted or Derated Valves Model A11, 24"x 20" x 18" class 2500, class 300 internals and weld end flanges. Media: Ammonia, 960° F @ 1620 psi.	Special Coatings K-Mass coating for high temperature applications.	Steam / Heat Traced Body and Disc 42" class 300, model A11 with steam trace. Media: Tail gas, 275 - 440° F @ 5 psi.
Special Flanges Model A11 large extension valve with weld end flanges	Special Alloys 14" Class 300 model A31D, double flange. Safety shutdown vlv. Materials: monel, alloy 20. Media Vinyl Chloride Monomer, 450° F @ 1330 psig.	Special Flanges 36" class 300 model A31D double flange , with 1061 actuator

Flow Control Valves

Clippard Instrument Laboratory Inc. introduces the addition of two new products to their JFC Series Flow Control Valves.

These combination needle and check valve flow controls are typically used to control air flow from air cylinders, thereby controlling the speed at which the piston strokes, either while extending or retracting, depending on their location in the circuit.

J-Series Flow Control Valves allow free flow from the inlet to the outlet past the needle and check valve. In reverse flow, from the outlet to the inlet, the check valve is sealed and the flow must now pass through the metered passage controlled by the tapered adjustment needle

Quick Close Control Valve

Segment Gate Valve

The scope of supply of control valves include all fields where gas, steam and liquid flow streams need to be precisely regulated. Especially for critical applications we offer tailor made solutions in valve construction.

This valve is best suitable for reducing high differential pressure, for abrasive components, for special processing applications, like in the power industry, in gas diverting, in the pipeline sector, for caverns and as protection of turbines, pumps and generators.

The segment disc valve is a sturdy, variable, wear resistant, maintenance friendly compact valve.

It`s remarkable for long durability with low maintenance intervals, low controlling force, highest control accuracy and easy handling.

Manual Valve Actuators

Manual valve actuators do not require an outside power source to move a valve to a desired position. Instead, they use a handwheel, chainwheel, lever, or declutchable mechanism to drive a series of gears whose ratio results in a higher output torque compared to the input (manual) torque. Most manual valve actuators use worm gears, mechanical devices that transmit motion between non-intersecting right-angle axes. Some manual valve actuators move rotary motion valves such as ball, butterfly, and multiturn valves a quarter-turn or more from open to close. Other manual valve actuators move linear motion valves such as gate, globe, diaphragm, pinch, and angle valves. Typically, these valves have a sliding stem that pushes the closure element open or closed. Depending on the valve’s design, the stem may rise during rotation or without rotation. The clockwise rotation of a direct-acting actuator causes the valve to close in a clockwise direction. By contrast, the clockwise rotation of a reverse-acting actuator causes the valve to close in a counter-clockwise direction.

Selecting manual valve actuators requires an analysis of performance specifications. Manual actuators for rotary valves vary in terms of actuator torque and range of motion. Torque, the measure of force needed to produce rotary motion, is determined by multiplying the applied force by the distance from the pivot point to the point where the force is applied. Common ranges of motion include 90° (quarter-turn), 180°, 270°, and 360° (multi-turn). Manual valve actuators for linear valves differ in terms of valve stem stroke length, number of turns, and actuator force or seating thrust. Typically, stroke length is measured in inches (in) while actuator force is measuring in pounds (lbs). Other important specifications for manual valve actuators include stem diameter and, when applicable, handwheel diameter.

Manual valve actuators are often housed in enclosures that are rated by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), a trade organization which defines safety standards for electrical equipment. Type 4 NEMA enclosures are rated for indoor and outdoor use and provide protection from falling dirt, rain, sleet, snow, windblown dust, splashing water and hose-directed water. Type 4X NEMA enclosures provide protection against these same environmental variables and can also resist corrosion. Type 7 NEMA enclosures are constructed for indoor use in hazardous locations categorized as Class I; Division 1; Groups A, B, C, or D in NFPA70, a directive from the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Type 9 NEMA enclosures are constructed for indoor use in hazardous locations classified as Class II; Division 1; Groups E, F, or G in NFPA70.

About Piezoelectric Actuators

Piezoelectric actuators are devices that produce a small displacement with a high force capability when voltage is applied. There are many applications where a piezoelectric actuator may be used, such as ultra-precise positioning and in the generation and handling of high forces or pressures in static or in dynamic situations.

Actuator configuration can vary greatly depending on application. Piezoelectric stack actuators are manufactured by stacking up piezoelectric disks or plates, the axis of the stack being the axis of linear motion when a voltage is applied. Tube actuators are monolithic devices that contract laterally and longitudinally when a voltage is applied between the inner and outer electrodes. A disk actuator is a device in the shape of a planar disk. Ring actuators are disk actuators with a center bore, making the actuator axis accessible for optical, mechanical, or electrical purposes. Other less common configurations include block, disk, bender, and bimorph styles.

These devices can also be ultrasonic. Ultrasonic actuators are specifically designed to produce strokes of several micrometers at ultrasonic (>20kHz) frequencies. They are especially useful for controlling vibration, positioning applications and quick switching. In addition, piezoelectric actuators can be either direct or amplified. The effect of amplification is a larger displacement, but it can also result in slower response times.

The critical specifications for piezoelectric actuators are the displacement, force and operating voltage of the actuator. Other factors to consider are stiffness, resonant frequency and capacitance. Stiffness is a term used to describe the force needed to achieve a certain deformation of a structure. For piezoelectric actuators, it is the force needed to elongate the device by certain amount. It is normally specified in terms of Newton per micrometer. Resonance is the frequency at which the actuators respond with maximum output amplitude. The capacitance is a function of the excitation voltage frequency.

The size of the actuator, of course, is important, as are the electrical connectors. Some of the most common connectors are DB-9, BNC, two wires of either AWG 26 or AWG 30, or else a LEMO(r) connector, which is a precision push-pull locking connector for demanding applications.

About Electric Actuators

Electric actuators mount on valves which, in response to a signal, automatically move to a desired position using an outside power source. Single-phase or three-phase AC or DC motors drive a combination of gears to generate the desired torque level. There are two basic types of electric actuators: rotary and linear. Each type of actuator uses special valves. Rotary electric actuators use ball, plug, and butterfly valves that rotate a quarter-turn or more from open to close. Linear electric actuators use gate, globe, diaphragm, pinch, and angle valves that feature a sliding stem that opens or closes the valve. Rotary electric actuators are used in the electric power industry, high-power switching gears, and packaging applications. Linear electric actuators are well-suited for operating in tight tolerances.

Electric rotary actuators drive components rotationally via electromagnetic power from a motor. They often provide control and indexing capabilities to allow multiple position stops along strokes. The rotational element can be either a circular shaft or a table. Circular shafts often include keyways while tables provide a bolt pattern for mounting other components. Specifications for rotary electric actuators include actuator torque and range of motion. Actuator torque, the force that rotates the axis, is determined by multiplying the applied force by the distance from the pivot point to the point where the force is applied. The full range of motion can be 90° (quarter-turn), 180° (nominal), 270° (nominal), or 360° (multi-turn).

Linear electric actuators provide linear motion via a motor-driven ball screw or ACME screw assembly. ACME screws typically hold loads without power but are usually less efficient than ball screws. Ball screws are power screws with a train of ball bearings riding between the screw and the nut in a recirculating track. They exhibit lower friction and higher efficiency than lead screws. With linear electric actuators, the load is attached to the end of a screw or rod and is unsupported. Typically, the screw is belt or gear driven. Specifications for linear electric actuators include valve stem stroke length, actuating force or seating thrust, and number of turns.

General specifications for both rotary and linear electric actuators include control signal input, stem diameter, actuation time, and failsafe method. Electric actuators that use throttling valves receive control signal inputs from positioners that adjust the valve’s closure position. Input control signals are measured in either milliamperes or volts. Actuation time is the time required to fully close the liner motion valve. Several failsafe methods are available. Some electric actuators close the valve in the event of a power failure or the loss of a control signal. Other devices open the valve when the power or control signal fails. When selecting electric actuators, AC or DC voltage and duty cycle are important factors.

Features for electric actuators include NEMA enclosures, overtorque protection, travel stops, limit switches, local position indicators, integral pushbuttons and controls, manual overrides, and motor overload protection. Type 4 and 4X NEMA enclosures are constructed for indoor or outdoor use. Type 7 and 9 NEMA enclosures are designed for specific types of hazardous environments. Electric actuators that feature overtorque protection use a sensor to switch off the motor when a specified torque level is exceeded. Travel stops restrict the actuator’s linear or rotary motion. Limit switches allow users to monitor equipment remotely. Local position indicators provide a visual display of valve position based on operation via integral pushbuttons and controls. Handwheels, levers, and hydraulic hand pumps can be used to manually override the actuator in the event of an emergency. Thermostats and thermal overload protection are also available.

Electrohydraulic Valve Actuators and Hydraulic Valve Actuators

Electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators convert fluid pressure into motion in response to a signal. They use an outside power source and receive signals that are measured in amperes, volts, or pressure. Some electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators move rotary motion valves such as ball, plug, and butterfly valves through a quarter-turn or more from open to close. Other valve actuators move linear valves such as gate, globe, diaphragm, and pinch valves by sliding a stem that controls the closure element. Throttling valves can be moved to any position, including fully open or fully closed, within the stroke of the valve. Typically, valve actuators are added to throttling valves as part of a control loop that includes a sensing device and circuitry.

Electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators use several different types of actuators. Diaphragm actuators are used mainly with linear motion valves, but are suitable for rotary motion valves with a linear-to-rotary motion linkage. Rack-and-pinion actuators transfer the linear motion of a piston cylinder actuator to rotary motion. They are ideal for automating manually-operated valves. Scotch yoke actuators also transfer linear motion to rotary motion. With lever and link actuators, a splined or slotted lever attaches to the valve shaft in order to transfer the linear motion of a diaphragm or piston cylinder to rotary motion. Vane actuators are used only with rotary motion valves.

Important specifications for electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators include actuation time and hydraulic fluid supply pressure range. Devices that move rotary motion valves vary in terms of actuator torque and range of rotary motion. Devices that move linear motion valves vary in terms of valve stem stroke length and actuator force or sealing thrust. For both types of electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators, acting type is an additional specification. With single-acting devices, fluid pressure actuates the valve in one direction while a compressed spring actuates the valve in the other. With double-acting devices, fluid pressure actuates the valve in both directions. Since electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators work with multi-turn valves, the number of turns is another important specification.

Features for electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators include NEMA enclosures and actuator action. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), a non-profit trade organization, rates enclosures for electrical equipment. Devices with NEMA 4 and 4X ratings are suitable for indoor or outdoor use and provide protection against dirt, rain, sleet, and snow. For manual valve actuators, the actuator action can be direct (clockwise) or reverse (counterclockwise). Other features for electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators include overtorque protection, local position indication, and integral pushbuttons and controls. Travel stops or limit stops restrict linear or rotary motion. Manual overrides use handwheels, levers, or hydraulic hand pumps for emergency operation.

About Manual Valve Actuators

Manual valve actuators do not require an outside power source to move a valve to a desired position. Instead, they use a handwheel, chainwheel, lever, or declutchable mechanism to drive a series of gears whose ratio results in a higher output torque compared to the input (manual) torque. Most manual valve actuators use worm gears, mechanical devices that transmit motion between non-intersecting right-angle axes. Some manual valve actuators move rotary motion valves such as ball, butterfly, and multiturn valves a quarter-turn or more from open to close. Other manual valve actuators move linear motion valves such as gate, globe, diaphragm, pinch, and angle valves. Typically, these valves have a sliding stem that pushes the closure element open or closed. Depending on the valve’s design, the stem may rise during rotation or without rotation. The clockwise rotation of a direct-acting actuator causes the valve to close in a clockwise direction. By contrast, the clockwise rotation of a reverse-acting actuator causes the valve to close in a counter-clockwise direction.

Selecting manual valve actuators requires an analysis of performance specifications. Manual actuators for rotary valves vary in terms of actuator torque and range of motion. Torque, the measure of force needed to produce rotary motion, is determined by multiplying the applied force by the distance from the pivot point to the point where the force is applied. Common ranges of motion include 90° (quarter-turn), 180°, 270°, and 360° (multi-turn). Manual valve actuators for linear valves differ in terms of valve stem stroke length, number of turns, and actuator force or seating thrust. Typically, stroke length is measured in inches (in) while actuator force is measuring in pounds (lbs). Other important specifications for manual valve actuators include stem diameter and, when applicable, handwheel diameter.

Manual valve actuators are often housed in enclosures that are rated by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), a trade organization which defines safety standards for electrical equipment. Type 4 NEMA enclosures are rated for indoor and outdoor use and provide protection from falling dirt, rain, sleet, snow, windblown dust, splashing water and hose-directed water. Type 4X NEMA enclosures provide protection against these same environmental variables and can also resist corrosion. Type 7 NEMA enclosures are constructed for indoor use in hazardous locations categorized as Class I; Division 1; Groups A, B, C, or D in NFPA70, a directive from the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Type 9 NEMA enclosures are constructed for indoor use in hazardous locations classified as Class II; Division 1; Groups E, F, or G in NFPA70.

About Pneumatic Valve Actuators

Pneumatic valve actuators adjust valve position by converting air pressure into linear or rotary motion. Linear motion devices open and close gate, globe, diaphragm, pinch and angle-style valves with a sliding stem that controls the position of the closure element. Rotary motion devices move ball, plug and butterfly valves a quarter-turn (90°) or more from open to close. There are several actuation methods for pneumatic valve actuators. Diaphragm actuators are used mainly with linear motion valves, but are suitable for rotary motion valves when used with some type of linear-to-rotary motion linkage. Piston cylinder actuators are suitable for both linear and rotary motion valves. Typically, rack- and-pinion actuators are used to transfer the linear motion of a piston cylinder actuator to rotary motion. Rack-and-pinion designs are also suitable for adjusting manually-operated valves. Scotch yoke devices are used to transfer linear motion to rotary motion. By contrast, vane actuators are suitable only for rotary motion valves. Link and lever actuators attach a splined or slotted lever to the valve shaft in order to transfer the linear motion of diaphragm or piston cylinder actuators to rotary motion.

Specifications for pneumatic valve actuators include stem diameter, actuation time, control signal input, acting type, fail-safe position, air supply pressure range, and operating temperature. Actuation time is the time required to fully close the valve. Milliampere, voltage, and pressure signals are common control signal inputs. Single-acting devices use air pressure to actuate the valve in one direction and a compressed spring to actuate the valve in the other. Double-acting devices use air pressure to actuate the valve in both directions. The failsafe position determines whether pneumatic valve actuators open or close the valve in the event of a power failure or the loss of the control signal. Air supply pressure range is the input pressure needed to achieve the desired torque or thrust output. Stroke length, number of turns, and actuator force are other important specifications for pneumatic valve actuators that move linear motion valves. Rotary motion devices indicate whether the full range of motion is a quarter-turn, a nominal 180° or 270° turn, or multiple turns for more than 360°.

National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) ratings indicate whether pneumatic valve actuators are suitable for hazardous or non-hazardous locations and designed for indoor or outdoor use. All NEMA enclosures protect personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment. Type 4 and Type 4X NEMA enclosures are rated for indoor and outdoor use in non-hazardous locations. NFPA 70, a publication of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), is the basis of several NEMA ratings for hazardous locations. Type 7 and Type 8 NEMA enclosures are rated for indoor use and designed for Class I; Division 1; Groups A, B, C or D hazardous locations. Type 9 NEMA enclosures are designed for indoor use in hazardous locations classified as Class II; Division 1; Groups E, F, or G.

Pneumatic valve actuators are available with a variety of features. Directing acting and reverse acting devices are commonly available. Overtorque protection uses a torque sensor to stop the power source when a safe torque level is exceeded. Travel stops or travel limits restrict or limit the actuator’s linear or rotary motion. Pneumatic valve actuators with an electromechanical limit switch (contacts) or non-contact proximity sensor allow position monitoring from a remote location. Valve actuators with local position indicators are also available. Some pneumatic valve actuators include integral pushbuttons and manual controls. Others include a handwheel, manual lever, or hydraulic hand pump that can be used to override the actuator in the event of an emergency.

About Valve Actuators, All Types

Valve actuators mount on valves and, in response to a signal, move a valve to a desired position using an outside power source. There are several basic types of valve actuators: manual, electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic. Manual valve actuators do not require an outside power source. They use a handwheel or lever to drive a series of gears whose ratio results in a higher output torque compared to the input (manual) torque. Electric valve actuators use a single-phase or three-phase alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) motor to drive a combination of gears to generate the desired torque level. Pneumatic valve actuators adjust valve position by converting air pressure into linear or rotary motion. Similarly, electrohydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators convert fluid pressure supply into linear or rotary motion.

Valve motion and operation style are important specifications to consider when selecting valve actuators. Rotary motion valves (rotary valves) such as ball, plug, and butterfly valves rotate a quarter-turn or more from open to close. Linear motion valves (linear valves) such as gate, globe, diaphragm, pinch and angle-style valves have a sliding stem design that pushes the closure element open or closed. The valve stem may rise during rotation, or may rise without rotation. There are two basic operating styles for valve actuators. On/off or isolating devices limit actuator motion to preset or open and closed positions. Modulating devices provide controllable motion so that valves can be throttled as necessary. Performance specifications for rotary actuators include actuator torque and range of motion. Rotary devices move a quarter-turn (90°), through multiple turns (360°), or a nominal 180° or 270°. Performance specifications for linear actuators include valve stem stroke length, actuation time, number of turns, and actuator force or seating thrust.

General specifications for all types of valve actuators include control signal input type, voltage, supply pressure, valve stem diameter, actuation time, fail-safe method, location type, and operating temperature. There are three basic types of control signal inputs: milliampere, voltage, and pressure. Devices that use AC voltage or DC voltage are commonly available. Supply pressure is the input pressure needed to achieve a desired torque or thrust output. Companies specify air supply pressure for pneumatic actuators and fluid supply pressure for hydraulic actuators. There are several fail-safe methods for valve actuators. Devices can open or close valves in case of power failure, or in case of loss of control signal. Valve actuators for hazardous locations are designed for environments with atmospheres that contain combustible or potentially explosive mixtures. Devices for non-hazardous locations are designed for environments without the risk of combustion or explosion.

About Valve Position Indicators

Valve position indicators are electrical switching devices that mount directly on a valve actuator, or indirectly on a transfer case. They are used with both rotary actuated valves and linear actuated valves and provide two basic switching options: non-contact and mechanical. Non-contact switches or proximity sensors use inductive or transistor-transistor logic (TTL) and include reed switches. Mechanical switchers are activated by energized arms connected to a moving stem or shaft. Some valve position indicators display information on a rotating dial or sliding scale. Other products feature a light emitting diode (LED) indicator. Valve position indicators with position transmitters are also available. These devices provide continuous, signal-based information about a valve’s open, closed, or intermediate position.

Valve position indicators differ in terms of the number of indicated positions, the number of switches, and pole and throw specifications. Two-way devices provide a basic on/off indicator. Products with three-way, four-way, 120°, 180°, and continuous indications are also available. There are several different pole and throw categories. Single pole, single throw (SPST) switches make or break the connection of a single conductor in a single branch circuit. Single pole, double throw (SPDT) switches have two terminals and make or break the connection of a single conductor with either of two other single conductors. Double pole, single throw (DPST) switches have four terminals and make or break the connection of two circuit conductors in a single branch circuit. Double pole, double throw (DPDT) switches have six terminals and make or break the connection to two separate circuits.

Electrical switch ratings, shaft/mounting options, and optional features are important considerations when selecting valve position indicators. Electrical switch ratings include the maximum AC current rating, the maximum DC current rating, the maximum AC voltage rating, and the maximum DC voltage rating. Valve position indicators can mount on either standard shafts or specialty shafts. In terms of features, some devices are intrinsically safe (IS), explosion proof, and chemical or corrosion resistant. Others are networkable, backlit or illuminated, or field adjustable. Shaft diameter and operating temperature are additional considerations. Most suppliers specify shaft diameter in English units such as inches (in) or metric units such as centimeters (cm). Operating temperature is measured in either degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or degrees Celsius (°C).

About Valve Positioners

Valve positioners compare a control signal to a valve actuator’s position and move the actuator accordingly. They are used with both linear valves and rotary valves. When a control signal differs from the valve actuator’s position, the valve positioner sends the necessary power to move the actuator until the correct position is reached. There are four basic types of valve positioners: pneumatic, electronic, electro-pneumatic, and digital. Pneumatic devices send and receive pneumatic signals. Single-acting or three-way pneumatic positioners send air to and exhaust air from only one side of a single-acting valve actuator that is opposed by a range spring. Double-acting or four-way pneumatic positioners send and exhaust air from both sides of the actuator. Electric valve positioners send and receive electrical signals. There are three electric actuation types: single-phase and three-phase alternating current (AC), and direct current (DC) voltage. Electro-pneumatic valve positioners convert current control signals to equivalent pneumatic signals. Digital or “smart” devices use a microprocessor to position the valve actuator and monitor and record data.

Performance specifications for valve positioners vary by device type and include pneumatic input signal range, maximum supply pressure, milliampere input signal range, split range, operating temperature, and output action. Pneumatic input signal range and maximum supply pressure are measured in pounds per square inch (psi). Common split ranges include 4 – 10 mA and 12 – 20 mA. Two-way, three-way, and four-way splits are available. There are three types of output actions: direct, reversible, and field reversible. Direct action devices increase the output signal as the input signal increases. Conversely, reversible action devices decrease the output signal as the input signal increases. With field reversible products, devices can be switched between direct and reversible action.

Valve positioners differ in terms of applications, features and approvals. Some products are designed for automotive, aerospace, marine, medical or military applications. Other products are suitable for food processing or pharmaceutical applications. General-purpose devices are commonly available. Intrinsically safe (IS) valve positioners do not produce sparks or other thermal effects that would ignite a specified gas mixture. Devices that are made from stainless steel are used in corrosive or high temperature environments. Common approvals for valve positioners include marks from the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL), an independent testing organization.